Paul Klee was a profoundly important twentieth century painter and art theorist whose highly original work dabbled in many styles including expressionism, cubism and surrealism. His paintings and individual style are lauded as masterworks in color theory and compositional experimentation. Not only were his paintings received positively in the art world, but his Writings on Form and Design Theory are considered some of the most important theoretical writings on art in history. Klee, alternatively identified as a Swiss or German citizen, taught at the German Bauhaus school of art, and was very important in developing the Bauhaus aesthetic in many regards. All of his work is said to illustrate his distinct sense of human and his personal beliefs about the world, without compromising on sheer beauty.
Born outside of Bern, Switzerland near the end of the nineteenth century, Klee began drawing, painting and playing music as soon as he was physically able. His parents encouraged him to pursue music as a profession, but sometime during his teenage years he turned to visual arts. Klee soon moved to Munich where he began studying art at the Academy of Fine Arts. While his drawings illustrated considerable skill for a man his age, Klee's teachers noted that he seemed to lack an innate sense of how to use color. Klee noted in his journal that color, to him, represented optimism and nobility in art, something that, at this time in his development, his work lacked a lot of as he turned to grotesque subjects and satirical scenes. “A long struggle lies in store for me in the field of color,” he wrote.
As Klee reached adulthood, married and pursued a profession as a magazine illustrator in the suburbs of Munich, he met Wassily Kandinsky and Franz Marc, was absorbed into their group known as Der Blaue Reiter and the philosophy and color theories of the avant-garde began to resonate with him. During this time he traveled to Paris, considered the epicenter of the art world at that time, and was also exposed to cubism and the burgeoning abstract art scene. He was inspired by the pioneering examples of the likes of Robert delaney and Maurice de Vlaminck. Rather than copying their color based aesthetic choices, Klee instead began his own experiments. After a series of trips and more exposure to color theory, Klee had a breakthrough, writing, “colour has taken possession of me” and he began to paint increasingly abstract works that do not focus on concrete subjects, but on the emotional impact of color and composition.
It is these abstract paintings from the later period of Klee's life that he is most known for, though his work is difficult to classify, incorporating elements of many artistic styles. Klee consistently interpreted trends in art in his own manner and in a variety of mediums from oil paint to watercolor, ink and etchings. Despite his early struggles with color, by his death, Klee was considered a modern master of color and tonality. More abstract paintings that incorporate interesting use of color and tone can be found in our Abstract Canvas gallery.
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